TED学院 | 13岁男孩的震撼演讲——骇客学习法使我快乐
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LoganLaPlante，是个滑雪爱好者。你可以经常在阿尔卑斯山上看到他滑雪的身影。但你不知道的是，在他13岁时，受邀做了这个超酷的演讲，当时点击量达到285，000次。他还喜欢设计、写作和拍摄。你可能还不知道，他三年级时离开了学校，在家上学，他给自己的教育方式起了个名字，叫hackschooling。一起看看他在TED上关于“骇客学习法使我快乐“的演讲。
演讲者：Logan LaPlante
演说题目：
骇客学习法使我快乐
hackschooling makes me happy
中英对照翻译
When you're a kid you get asked this particular question a lot –it really gets kind of annoying: "what do you wanna be when you grow up?" Now, adults are hoping for answers like: "I wanna be an astronaut" or "I wanna be a neurosurgeon" ...You adults and your imaginations. Kids, they're most likely to answer with "pro-skateborarders", "surfer" or "Minecraft Player". I asked my little brother and he said "Seriously dude, I'm ten, I've no idea. Probably pro skear. Let's go get some ice-cream."
当你还小的时候，你常常被问到同样一个问题，实在有点烦。“你长大以后想成为什么？”大人们都希望听到的答案是：“我要当太空人”“我要当医生”。你们大人的想象力真的是……
小孩子的答案大多是：滑板客，冲浪手，电脑游戏玩家。我问过我弟弟这问题，他跟我说：“拜托，老哥，我才10岁诶，我怎么知道？可能当个滑板选手吧”“要不要来点冰淇淋？
See, us kids are going to answer we're stoked on, what we think is cool, what we have experienced with and that's typically the opposite of what adults want to hear.
你看，小孩子的回答都是些让我们疯狂的东西，都是那些我们觉得好玩的事情，我们已经体验过的东西，正好跟大人们想要听到的答案相反。
But if you ask a little kid, sometimes you'll get the best answer. Something so simple, so obvious and really profound: "when I grow up, I wanna be happy."
但如果你去问一个小孩子，却有可能听到最棒的答案，如此简单，如此明显，而且意义深刻。“长大以后，我要当个快乐的人！”
For me when I grow up, I want to continue to be happy, like I am now. I'm stoked to be here at TEDx, I mean, I've been watching TED videos for as long as I can remember, but I never thought I'd make it to stage here so soon.
对我而言，我长大以后要继续当个快乐的人，像是我现在一样。我热爱到TED分享，我是一路看TED影片长大的，但我从没想过这么快就能上台分享。
I mean, I speak I'm a teenager and like most teenage boys I spend most of my time wondering: "How would my room get so messy all on its own", "Did I take a shower today?", and the most perplexing of all: "How do I get girls to like me?", Neuroscientists say that the teenage brain's pretty weird: our prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped but we actually have more neurons than adults, which is why we can be more creative, and impulsive, and moody, and give on doubt.
我得说，毕竟我是个青少年，就跟大部分的男生一样。我大多数的时间想的是：我的房间怎么自己变得那么乱？我今天有洗澡吗？当然最烦恼的还是：我要怎么让女孩子喜欢我？神经科学家说：青少年的脑袋特别奇怪，我们的前额叶皮层还在发育中，但我们的神经元却比成人更多。这让我们充满创意，同时也很浮躁、情绪化、容易犯错。
But what bones me out is ti know that a lot of kids today are just wishing to be happy, to be healthy, to be safe, not bullied, and be loved for who they are. So, it seems to me when adult say "what you wanna be when you grow up?" they just assume that you'll automatically be happy and healthy.
可是有件事让我很在意，现在大人似乎不是真正关心小孩是否“快乐”“健康”“安全”“不被欺负”“别人能否喜欢真实的自己”。也就是说，当大人问我们“你长大以后想成为什么？”他们就直接认定你“自然”会快乐又健康。
Well, maybe that's not the case. Go to school, go to college, get a job get married, Boom! Then you'll be happy , all right? You don't seem to make learning how to be happy and healthy a priority in our schools. It's separate from schools. And for some kids it doesn't exist at all.
可是情形好像不是这样，念书、上大学、找工作、找人结婚，搞定。然后你就会成为一个快乐的人，是这样吗？学校并不把“学着快乐、健康”摆优先，而是把这些事从学习里拿掉，有的小孩从来没学习过这些事情。
But what if we didn't make it separate? What if we based education on the study –and practice– of being happy and healthy? Because, that's what it is: a practice ...and a simple practice at that. Education is important. But what is being happy and healthy not considered education? I just don't get it.
如果我们去扭转这种情况呢？如果教育变成去研究、练习“快乐和健康”呢？这不就是最重要的吗？快乐，是需要去学习，去练习的。教育很重要没有错，但为何“变得快乐和健康”没有被视为教育呢？我真的搞不懂。
So I've been studying the science of being happy and healthy. It really comes down to practicing these eight things:
Exercise,
Diet & Nutrition,
Time in Nature,
Contribution & Service to others,
Relationships,
Recreation,
Relaxation and Stress Management, ...and
Religious & Spiritual Involvement –Yes got that one!
我一直都在学习关于“快乐和健康”的科学，这都跟在生活中实践这8件事有关系：
运动，
吃的营养，
接触自然，
真诚付出，
人际关系，
娱乐，
压力管理，
心灵修炼。——耶，没有忘词。
Uhm, so this eight things come from Dr. Roger Walsh. He calls them Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes or TLCs for short. He's a scientist that studies how to be happy and healthy.
这8件事是由Roger Walsh博士整理的，他把这叫做“治疗型生活模式变动”（therapeutic lifestyle changes，TLC）。他是一个研究如何变得快乐和健康的科学家。
In researching this talk I got the chance to ask him a few questions like: "Do you think that our schools today are making these eight TLCs a priority?" His response was no surprise. It was essentially "no". But he did say that many people do try to get this kinda education outside the traditional arena: the reading and practices such as meditation or yoga. But what I thought was his best response, was that most of education is oriented –for better or worse– towards making a living rather than making a life.
我问过Roger Walsh博士一些事，比如，你认为现在的学校有把这8种TLC摆在优先的位置吗？不意外地，他的回答是：No。但是他也讲到，仍有许多人试图在传统的学校制度外寻求这种教育，透过阅读、冥想或瑜伽。我觉得他有句话说的很好，他说：“大部分的教育都在教人找到工作，不是找寻人生。”
In 2006 Sir Ken Robinson gave the most popular TED talk about time: "Schools killed creativity". His message is that creativity is as important as literacy and we should treat it with the same status. A lot of parents watch those videos– some of those parents like mine– counted it as one of the reasons they felt confident to pull their kids from traditional school. To try something different. I realized I'm part of this small but growing revolution of kids who are going about their education differently. And you know what? It freaks a lot of people out.
KenRobinson先生在那场最受欢迎的TED演讲《学校扼杀了创意吗？》，跟大家传递了一个讯息：创意跟学问一样重要。因此我们应该给予两者同等的关注。很多家长都看了这场演讲，有些人因此就对“让孩子离开传统教育，走出另一条路”的想法更加坚定。我身处一场逐渐引起世界注意的教育革命，小孩子的教育不再只有一种选择了，而这点，让很多人感到坐立不安。
Even though I was only nine when my parenst pulled me out of the school system, I can still remember my mom being entirious when some of ther friends told her she was crazy and it was a stupid idea. Looking back I'm thankful she didn't cape to peer pressure ...and I thinks she is to. So out of the two hundred million people that have watched Sir ken Robinson's why aren't more kids like me out there?
虽然我才9岁，但当初我的父母让我从传统学校离开的时候，我还记得我的母亲因为她的一些朋友认为这点子糟透了而流了许多眼泪。现在回过头看，我真的很感谢她能挺住那些压力。既然全世界已经有2亿人看过《学校扼杀了创意吗？》这场演讲，为什么还看不到更多像我一样的小孩？
Shane Mc Caunky is me hero. I love him because he was world's best gear. But then , one day I realized what I really loved about Shane: he was a hacker. Not a computer hacker: he hacked skiing. His creativity and inventions made skiing what it is today and why I love to ski.
我最崇拜的人是Shane McConkey，一开始我以为我崇拜他是因为他滑雪技术一流，直到后来我才明白我真正崇拜他的原因，因为他是个hacker！不是专门破解电脑程式的那种骇客，而是滑雪运动。他的创意跟发明定义了现在的滑雪运动，这是我热爱滑雪的原因。
A lot of people think of hackers as geeky computer nerds who live in their parent's basement and spread computer viruses. But I don't see it that way.
一般人对骇客的印象就是一群躲在老爸老妈的地下室乱寄电脑病毒的怪人，我对hacker有很不一样的看法。
Hackers or innovators. Hackers are people who challenge and change the systems to make them work differently, to make them work better. It's just how the think. It's a mindset. I'm growing up in a world that needs more people with a hacker mindset, and not just for technology. Everything is up for being hacked – even skiing. Even education. So whether it's Steve jobs, Mark Zuckerberg or Shane Mc Cauncky having a hacker mindset can change the world.
hacker是创新者，hacker是那些勇于挑战既有体制，改变系统，让世界更进步的玩家。决定一个人是否为hacker的关键在于思维，hack其实是一种思考模式（mindset），这个时代需要更多拥有hacker思维的人，而且不限于科技产业，世界上所有事物都需要hacker，包括滑雪，还有教育系统。无论是贾伯斯、马克佐克伯还是Shane，他们的共同点都是用hacker思维来改变世界。
Healthy, happy, creativity and a hacker mindset are all a large part of my education. I call it hackschooling. I don't use any one particular curriculum and I'm not dedicated to any one particular approach. I hack my education.
健康、快乐、创意、hacker思维，这些构成了我的教育系统。我把这叫做：hackschooling骇客式学习。我不特别使用一套教材或是课程，我也不死守一种学习方法，我hack自己的教育！
Logan LaPlante的“骇客学习法“模型
I take advantage of opportunities, in my community and through network of my friends and family. I take advantage of opportunities to experience what I'm learning and I'm not afraid to look for shortcuts or hacks, to get a better, faster result. It's like a remix, or a mash-up of learning. It's flexible, opportunistic, and it never looses sight of making happy, healthy and creativity a priority. And here's the cool part, because it's a mindset, not a system. Hackschooling can be used by anyone. Even traditional schools.
我善加利用家人、朋友跟邻居之间的社群，抓住每个学习的可能机会。我利用生活中的经验学习。而且我随时准备好去hack所有接触到的东西，不断去寻找更有效率的解决方案，类似混音、或是混搭的风格，有弹性、迅速反应，永远以快乐、健康、创意为优先。最棒的是，正因为这是一种思维，因此任何人都可以使用hackschooling，即使传统学校也是。
So what does my school look like? Well it looks like Starbucks all the time, but, like most kids I study a lot of math, science, history, and writing. I didn't use to like to write, because my teachers made write about butterflies and rainbows and I wanted to write about skiing. It was a relief for my good friends mom, to starting the sculla valley skiing institute, where I got to write through my experiences and my interests while connecting with great speakers around the Nation – and that sparked my love to writing. I realised though once you're motivated to learn something, you can get a lot done in a short amount of time, and on your own. Starbucks is pretty great for that.
说了一堆，我的“学校”到底长怎样？大多数的时间就像星巴克。跟大多数小孩一样，我学习数学、科学、历史和写作。我以前不喜欢写作，因为我的老师老叫我写些蝴蝶跟彩虹，但我想写的是滑雪啊！好在我朋友的妈妈办了一间学校，在那里我可以尽情写我喜欢的事物，还能够接触到全国最伟大的演讲家，我对写作的热情才真正被打开。我领悟到，一旦你找到学习的动力，短时间内能完成的事情多到自己都会吃惊，而且都是自动自发的，像星巴克那样的环境就很适合。
Hacking physics was fun, we learned all about Newton and Galileo, and we experienced some basic physics concepts like Kinetic Energy through experimenting and making mistakes.
用hacker思维去学物理就很好玩，我们学了很多关于牛顿跟伽利略的定理，还有基础物理，像是动能，全部透过实验与实作，而且犯了一堆错误。
My favourite was a giant Newton's cradle that we made out of bowling balls. (I think) No, baurhty balls. We experimented with lot of other things like bowling balls, and even giant jawbreakers, Projects discovery routes course is awesome, and slightly stressful. When you're sixty feet off the ground, you have to learn how to handle your fears, communicate clearly and most importantly, trust each other.
我最喜欢的是用地掷球做成的牛顿摆（地掷球，bocce ball，意大利流行游戏）。我们还用很多特别的东西来做实验，像是保龄球跟超难吞的糖果。绳索课程超有意思，而且比较刺激。当你离地六层楼高时，你就会学到如何控制恐惧，和同伴有效的沟通，最重要的，信任彼此。
Community organizations play a big part in my education. A high five foundation basics program, being aware in safe in critical situations, we spend a day with the squad valley skii patrol to learn more about mountain safety, then the next day we switched to science of snow, weather and avalanches but most importantly we learned that making bad decisions puts you and your friends at risk.
社区活动是我教育的重心，有的教我们在险境中提高警觉、处理紧急事故。可能今天一整天跟着滑雪巡逻地学习山地的安全知识。明天又换成认识雪、天气状况跟雪崩的关联。其中最重要的是，我们学到了：错误的决定会将同伴与自己置于险地。
Yawn Shitakwa brings history to life. You study a famous character in history until you can stand on stage and perform as that character and answer any question about their lifetime. In this photo you see Al Capone and Bob Marley getting grilled with questions at the historical Pipers Opera House in Virginia City – the same stage where Harry Houdini got a start.
我们不只是认识历史的人物，我们还要上台扮演“他”，回答所有“他”生平发生过的事。这张照片是我和朋友在历史悠久的皮柏歌剧院里饰演艾尔·卡彭和鲍伯·马利，这个舞台也是大魔术师胡迪尼的生涯起点。
Time and nature is really important to me. It's calm, quiet and I get to just, log out of reality. I spend one day week, outside, all day. At my Fox Walker classes our goal is to be able to survive in the wilderness with just a knife. We learn to listen the Nature, we learn to sense our surroundings and I've gained spiritual connection to Nature that I never knew existed.
和大自然的相处非常重要，它让我可以静下心来，暂时不去管手边的事情。我每周一定会花上整整一天在野外。在野外求生课上，我们要学着只用一把小刀就能在荒野中生存。我们学着倾听自然，放大感官对环境的敏锐度。我甚至体验到从来没发生过的灵性感受。
But the best part is I would get to make spears, bows and arrows, fires with just a bow drill, and survival shelters for the snowy nights when we can't found. Hanging out at the moment factory, where they hand make skis and design clothes, has really inspired me to one day have my own business. The guys at the factory have shown me why I have to be good at math, be creative and get good at sawing.
不过最好玩的还是制作矛跟弓箭、钻木生火、在有雪的季节动手搭帐篷。“体验工坊”的人制作滑雪板还有设计衣服。那样的经验引起了我自行创业的兴趣，那里的人让我了解到为什么要把数学学好，培养创造力和行销技巧。
So I got an internship at big shop brand, to get better at design and sawing. Between ___ linch, scrubbing toilets and breaking their vaccum cleaner, I'm getting to contribute to clothing design customising hats and selling them. The people who work there are happy, healthy, creative and soaked to be doing what they're doing. This is by far, my favourite class.
后来我去大白鲨印刷厂实习来磨炼我的设计跟行销能力。除了跑腿、洗马桶、弄坏他们的吸尘器之外，我还能够自己设计衣服、帽子。而且，把他们卖出去。在那工作的人都很快乐、健康，鬼点子一堆，做起事来精力充沛，这是我最喜欢的一堂课了。
So... this is where I'm really happy, caturdays; and it's a good metaphor for my life, my education, my hackschooling. If everyone ski this mountain, like most people think of education, everyone would be skiing the same line. Probably the safest, and most of the powder would go untouched. I look at this, and see a thousand possibilities: dropping the corners, shredding the spine, looking for __nny from cliff to cliff.
回来说滑雪吧，我生命的最爱。滑雪象征了我的人生，我的教育，我的hackschooling系统。看看这座山，如果大家都抱着跟现在教育一样的想法去滑雪的话，大概只有重复几条最安全的路线会被滑过，而绝大部分的区域都不会有人经过。这座山在我眼里，我看到的是一千种可能性。从棱角下跃，把雪线弄碎，找机会来个高度差的后空翻。
Skiing to me is freedom, and so is my education. It's about been creative, doing things differently. It's about communitiy and helping each other. It's about being happy and healthy, among my very best friends. So I'm starting to think I know what I might wanna do when I grow up but if you ask me what do I wanna be when I grow up, I'll always know that I want to be happy. Thank you.
滑雪，对我来说就是自由，和我的教育一样。重点是让想法不受约束，用不同的方式做事情。重点是和社群的联系，还有互相帮忙。重点是和最好的朋友活得开心又健康。因此，即使我对于自己，长大以后想成为什么已经有想法了，但如果你问我的话，我的答案永远都会是：我想成为一个快乐的人。谢谢。
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